The Hermannsburg Mission was founded in 1877 by German Lutheran missionaries about 125 km west of Alice Springs in the majestic Western MacDonnell Ranges in Central Australia. The missionaries could be announced in permanent waterhole at the local Western Arrernte as Koprilya Hermannsburg and named the settlement after their home town in northern Germany. They had traveled for 18 months over land from the Barossa Valley region of South Australia and she brought a substantial inventoryof cattle and sheep.
The Lutherans built a church and began to preach Christianity to the Western Arrernte. Within two years, a school was built and christened in 1881, seven boys and one girl. By 1891, the missionaries created a dictionary of Western Arrernte language was, and had finally succeeded in translating the Bible into the language. Hermannsburg was the first settlement in Central Australia, older than the cities Arltunga and Alice Springs, and at aStage has a population of 700 inhabitants, mainly Western Arrernte. Although discouraged by the early missionaries, has remained Arrernte traditional Western culture strong in Hermannsburg, to this day.
The first phase of the settlement at Hermannsburg lasted from 1877-1891. During this time, the mission to steal a haven for Western Arrernte people from the excesses of local shepherds and the police, who regularly massacred the indigenous people in retaliation for petty theft and livestock.Nevertheless, there few Western Arrernte their traditional way fully to embrace Christianity, and in 1891 the Hermannsburg missionaries to leave for the next three years.
Pastor Carl Strehlow took the Hermannsburg Mission in 1894, and remain there for the next 28 years. His son, TGH Strehlow, noted anthropologist and was one of the few Europeans to be fully initiated in the Western Arrernte tradition. Pastor Strehlow found the original mission building inpoor condition, and in 1896 began the construction of the buildings that still stand today in the settlement. The building, which is now classified by the National Trust have been manufactured using galvanized iron, stones from the nearby Finke River, mulga logs and lime into a on-site kiln. These buildings are a school, rectory, mess house and a missionary district. Strehlow also planted two white gums in front of the church, now a museum, and built the bell between them.
Finally Strehlowdied in 1922 at Horseshoe Bend on the Finke River on the journey to hospital in South Australia. During his tenure grew Hermannsburg and became a relatively progressive center for the Western Arrernte and other indigenous inhabitants of the region, and went on the progress a number of historic premieres. In 1925, Strehlow's successor, Pastor FW Albrecht started a program to train local people in various skills and trades that led to the establishment of a tannery in 1936. In 1930 Hermannsburgwas the first location in the Northern Territory for the use of a wireless pedal.
In recent years, many Western Arrernte people of the old mission in which to establish about 35 branches in their traditional land, at Hermannsburg. The family of Hermannsburg's most famous son, the famous watercolor artist Albert Namatjira, still lives in Hermannsburg and a collection of his paintings are in the building of the old mission are considered. Born and baptized in Hermannsburg in 1902 and Strehlow,Namatjira met the artist Rex Battarbee in 1934, and the result was a series of paintings in Central Australia, the inspiration while drawing on the European tradition of watercolor, the landscape of the region and remind us of the beauty of the Western MacDonnell Ranges from the perspective of those who knew and loved this beautiful country.
The Lutheran Church Hermannsburg ceded control of the Western Arrernte traditional owners in 1982, as authority for the settlement (now known asNtaria) passed at a council. The original mission in Hermannsburg buildings have been restored and visitors are now welcome to the historic settlement, which explore important in Central Australian history. Both the old church and the old mission building still standing and in good condition.
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